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Tuesday, January 3, 2023

Intersex: Pot and People

Hermaphrodite, as a term for people who have both sex organs, is now considered a slur and is being replaced by the term intersex. No intersex people have both sets of fully functioning sex organs. In that understanding, the old term is both outdated and ignorant.

About 1.7 percent of people are born intersex and about 1 in 2,000 babies are born with genital differences that a doctor might suggest changing with unnecessary surgery. Intersex is an umbrella term for differences in sex traits or reproductive anatomy. Intersex people are born with these differences or develop them in childhood. There are many possible differences in genitalia, hormones, internal anatomy or chromosomes, compared to the usual two ways that human bodies develop. Other animals and cannabis plants form both functioning sex organs, and with pot, “hermies” are often weeded out as undesirable plants. In this issue of The Marijuana Report, we examine new ways to understand intersex pot plants and people as our perception evolves.

Two-Spirit people among Indigenous peoples include males, females and intersex. Special roles were adopted by Two-Spirit people in Native cultures. In the modern LGBTQIA (the I stands for intersex) community, intersex people have been included as their own unique community that, just as with Native peoples, does not mean being trans, gay or queer, per se. Intersex advocates are pushing back on social and medical professionals who tend to steer parents of intersex children toward surgeries when they are young. Many intersex adults who received surgeries report physical and emotional trauma.

The intersex flag, created in 2013 by Morgan Carpenter of Intersex Human Rights Australia


interACT, formerly known as Advocates for Informed Choice (AIC), spread awareness of the legal questions surrounding children with intersex traits and advocacy on behalf of these children through various outreach and educational services. Following, we use the messages from one of interACT’s brochures, which can be found on their website: www.interactadvocates.org.

Most marijuana growers panic at any sign of intersex pot plants. Modern growers clone from a female mother plant to guarantee all the plants are female. No male plants are allowed because the pollen from a male plant causes the buds of the female to seed, which lowers the THC potency and decreases the value of the crop. Stress and genetic factors during cultivation can cause a pot plant to produce male and female flowers as the plant matures. Growers carefully inspect their plants for “bananas,” un-blossomed pollen sacks that can form within buds or at nodes on the plant. When the flower opens and releases, it turns yellow.

Pot plants that self-pollinate produce feminized seeds. Many people like feminized seeds because they can grow a batch of plants to maturity directly from seed. Using feminized seeds bypasses the time it takes to fully veg out a female, then cut clones and start the vegetative process all over again. This can save months in the cultivation process.


Another reason cannabis breeders like to use the pollen of intersex pot plants is that by inbreeding the strain, certain qualities associated with that plant’s phenotype can be stabilized. First generation cross (also known as F1 cross) breed strains will have a diversity in each seed. More advanced growers tend to like F1 crosses, and the process of selection that comes with them. Seed producers and cannabis genetic companies are paid a premium for feminized seeds. The careful collection of pollen and pollination of intersex plants can put you on the map by distributing those feminized seeds that produce unique effects, as well as a flavor and aroma that can be attached to a new strain name.`

Intersex plants and people are a natural phenomenon. The universe made a third gender for a reason. Parents and cultivators need to see that value and be cautious before destroying the uniqueness of intersex beings and creatures.

 

Sunday, January 1, 2023

Medical Marijuana on Docket at Georgia’s Court of Appeals

Georgia’s medicinal marijuana licensing process is under scrutiny, as a group of five medical marijuana companies filed a lawsuit claiming unfair practices when choosing which companies would be approved.

The lawsuit, filed in Fulton County Superior Court, claims the Georgia Access to Medical Cannabis Commission (GMCC) used backdoor deals and had conflicts of interest when issuing the licenses. According to documents, the five companies filing claim Florida-based Trulieve Cannabis, a multistate company, and Georgia-based Botanical Sciences received preferential treatment.


They went on to claim that winning bids were kept secret from losing bidders and redacted much that was released.

These are not the first to question the Georgia process, as several other companies who lost bids have also filed lawsuits.

Since its launch, the state’s medical marijuana industry has been in a holding pattern because lawmakers have been unable to pass a bill of implementation.

However, low-THC cannabis oil is permitted for registered MMJ patients in Georgia who have one of their qualifying conditions.

Parents Can Smoke Pot, Michigan Court of Appeals Says

In a recent published opinion, the Michigan COA reversed a lower court’s decision to prohibit a mother’s parenting time with her son until she passed three consecutive drug tests for THC. Rachel Nichole Ott had her son taken by DHHS after she entered a plea of admission to the allegation that she provided unstable housing for her child. During the hearing, the respondent asserted that she had a medical marijuana card, and her attorney contended that the respondent’s parenting time could not be linked to whether she used marijuana unless it was demonstrated that the marijuana use created a risk of harm to the child. The trial court ordered continued random drug testing.

The Court of Appeals disagreed, stating, “. . . for purposes of the MMMA and the MRTMA, respondent’s use of marijuana did not justify the denial of her parenting time with LO unless the court determined that she did not act in accordance with the MMMA or the MRTMA, or unless the court determined that as a result of her marijuana use, it created an unreasonable danger to LO that was clearly articulated and substantiated. MCL 333.26424(d); MCL 333.27955(3). This analysis was not undertaken in the lower court. In light of our rulings, we hold that it is necessary to reverse and remand the case for compliance with MCL 712A.13a(13), MCL 712A.18(1)(p), MCL 333.26424(d), and MCL 333.27955(3).”

Connecticut Goes Rec!

 

On January 10, Connecticut will be opening doors to their first licensed retail recreational marijuana dispensaries.

Serving customers twenty-one and over, the state is already seeing a boom with approximately forty percent of the current licensed medicinal marijuana dispensaries expanding to this new market, with those numbers expected to rise even further as the year progresses.


To help meet the expected demand for the product, the state will initially limit sales to a quarter of an ounce (or its equivalent) per transaction. Connecticut’s marijuana regulation agency will be monitoring the sales closely and will continue to adjust the quantity once they get a better understanding of the need.

With dozens of dispensaries expected to open throughout the year, along with more than a hundred related retailers in process of opening, so far fifty of Connecticut’s cities and towns have opted out by issuing a prohibition or moratorium on cannabis establishments.

Green Culture of Flint Shut Down for Hemp Sales?

 JARS Cannabis was in the process of buying out former owner and manager of Green Culture, Pat Kanouno, when Flint’s busiest dispensary was shut down by the CRA last November. The dispensary lawyer Josh Hovey says it’s “for reasons that included allegedly selling industrial hemp that was over the legal THC limit and issues related to incorrectly tagged cannabis products.”

This issue was exacerbated by the CRA’s interest in banning deli-style cannabis flower sales, as reviewed as a topic last June in a public forum meeting by the regulatory agency. Members of the cannabis community came out hard against the idea. Green Culture was well known for bulk flower sales done in this fashion, as well as providing excellent service to veterans and people with disabilities.

New Mexico Expands Eligibility

Each state that has legalized cannabis for medical purposes has created a list of qualifying conditions. Some states are more liberal in acceptable conditions than others, and mental health conditions are not always included.

Having been the first state to add PTSD as a qualifying condition, New Mexico has recently expanded their qualifying conditions to include even more anxiety-induced mental health conditions.

The New Mexico Medical Cannabis Advisory Board approved this measure after citing over 456,000 New Mexico residents suffer from some sort of anxiety disorder.


While this ruling goes into effect the first of this year, they ensure that it covers all anxiety diagnoses including:

  • Generalized anxiety disorder
  • Social anxiety disorder
  • Medication-induced anxiety disorder
  • Panic disorder
  • Some phobias

While this opens the door to many more patients, New Mexico also hopes this move will boost cannabis sales even more.

Germany’s Path to Legalize Recreational Cannabis

In October 2022, Germany set out to be one of the first European countries to legalize cannabis. This would allow adults to acquire 20 to 30 grams of cannabis for recreational use.

Germany plans to present its proposal to the European Commission and will create a law once it receives approval. This would include allowing a limited capacity of private self-cultivation. In an effort to legalize cannabis, the German government will create an education program to teach people about abuse prevention, provide general cannabis-related knowledge, and implement a consumption tax. Legalization is expected to generate $4.7 billion and create 27,000 new jobs.

To implement the legalization, there are a lot of questions and concerns that need to be addressed before authorization. A major roadblock for Germany is space to grow enough cannabis to meet consumer demand. This would require Germany to allow international sales to official businesses, in order to put the black market cannabis out of business. German officials have contemplated having outside countries go through a lengthy certification process to be allowed to grow and distribute their products in Germany.

This proposal has not been accepted by all of Germany’s federal states. Bavaria’s Health Minister has openly voiced his concerns about not allowing Germany to become a drug destination for tourists in Europe. Others believe Germany and other EU countries should band together to create cannabis policies and laws that could be incorporated internationally. Germany will continue to be meticulous in its proposal to legalize cannabis, which will be transparent as it outlines its laws and regulations.


Sources:

https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/germany-legalize-cannabis-use-recreational-purposes-2022-10-26/

https://www.cnbc.com/2022/10/26/germany-to-legalize-cannabis-use-for-recreational-purposes.html

https://www.politico.com/news/2022/11/25/germany-europe-weed-legalization-00070469

Thailand’s Regulatory Uncertainty


 Since June 2022, Thailand has been expanding into the cannabis industry, with many cannabis shops opening their doors. This has been a long-awaited victory for many people, especially those who have had their product and equipment confiscated. Within mere hours of being legalized, those who had their equipment taken have since received it back and have gotten back to work.

There is still some pushback with the now legalized cannabis. Having been one of the strictest countries concerning drugs, Thailand officials are still establishing laws and regulations regarding the use of cannabis. Selling to anyone who is under the age of 20, pregnant or breastfeeding is still banned at this time.

For those who are planning a trip, tourists must do their research before coming to Thailand, so they don’t inadvertently end up breaking the law. If someone were to smoke in public, they may end up in jail for three months with a $700 or more fine for being a “public nuisance.” While on vacation, tourists are able to participate in cannabis activities such as rolling workshops, brewing “weed tea,” or even “yoga on high” classes. When selling products, consumers are able to purchase a pre-rolled joint for 100 baht ($2.80) and edibles that contain 0.2% THC. There are also restaurants that make soup, curries and pizza with ganja leaves. This has caused some confusion when it comes to recreational use. Deputy Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul has denied that recreational use is legal, even though the FDA contemplates setting up designated areas where tourists are freely able to light up.

With mixed signals, many cannabis business owners are worried that the newly legalized cannabis may become illegal again with the next elections in May 2023. This gives political candidates a platform to speak on, whether they are in favor or not. They are able to create regulations about who can sell, buy or even consume cannabis. Awaiting clarification, many business owners are postponing further expansion, including the largest cannabis festival that was supposed to take place in November 2022.

As further clarification is outlined, we will continue to update on whether or not Thailand will become the “Amsterdam of Asia.”


Sources:
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/10/world/asia/thailand-weed-cannabis-law.html
https://time.com/6208192/thailand-war-on-drugs-weed-legal/
https://www.vice.com/en/article/4ax5dd/thailand-cannabis-legalization

Hemp Houses Helping Ukrainian Refugees

After months of destruction to many homes, builder Sergiy Kovalenkov has made it his mission to help those in need by creating “Hemp. Ukraine. Recover.,” a nonprofit that uses hempcrete to create sustainable hemp houses, as well as funding psychological care to help citizens and veterans who have been affected by the war. Kovalenkov states, “We support those who suffered from Russian aggression, war, and atrocities in Ukraine. Refugees, internally displaced people (IDPs), victims of war, widows, orphans, and veterans.”

In 2015, Kovalenkov started his construction building company, Hempire UA, which has now felt the economic hardship after millions of citizens have left the country with their savings. In an effort to care for the displaced refugees, with the use of an old dairy building and new construction, he is able to develop a 30-unit apartment complex. The development will take place in a three phase project, estimated to cost $1,000,000 in phase one alone. Phase one would include the apartment complex, additional housing and the rehabilitation center.

With the first phase underway, the nonprofit has been able to collect $51,000 of the $362,000 for the apartment complex. Currently, in the wintertime, they are worried about the cold weather and the power outages due to the attacks. In the meantime, Kovalenkov is raising funds and stockpiling material, in the hope of speeding up the production process in the springtime. While working on construction, Kovalenkov will be teaching those who are helping him build the new complex how to build homes themselves, which will be a transferable skill once Ukraine starts to recover.


To help recovering veterans, Kovalenkov has invited veterans from other countries to his project. Doing so, the foreign veterans will be able to share their PTSD experiences and practices to help Ukrainian veterans, as well as help with the complex construction. He is also asking other countries to donate their medicinal help products for the citizens and soldiers as they face their long journey ahead.

To donate, please visit https://hempua.org/

Sources: https://hemptoday.net/as-war-destroys-homes-ukrainian-hemp-builder-keeps-on-building/

https://hempua.org/

Full Court Press Releases

 Crain’s Detroit recently published several op-ed articles from folks in the commercial cannabis business and the CRA. These were thinly veiled attempts to form public opinions about things like: why social equity doesn’t work; illicit cannabis sales; taking the Wild West out of cannabis; cracking down on bad actors in the licensed cannabis market; and the new top cop of cannabis in Michigan, Brian Hanna. This caught the attention


of Michigan cannabis activists, particularly because of the rate of successive releases, almost daily, in early December. In 2021, Crain’s bought the Green Market Report, a website that at the time got over 100k online views per month by providing content focused on the emerging commercial cannabis industry.

Hope for Kansas Yet

There are only three states left without any form of cannabis reform: Idaho, Nebraska and Kansas. While Idaho has done its best to fight off any reform, Kansas is showing potential for change moving into 2023.

After months of bipartisan collaboration studying the many legal aspects of implementing medical marijuana laws, last month lawmakers like Kansas Republican senator Rob Olson on the 2022 Special Committee on Medical Marijuana said that they have gathered all of the necessary information needed to try their hand at another medical marijuana bill.

He did get pushback from fellow Republican representative John Eplee, citing failed attempts in 2021.

“Do you think that with your input and oversight of the information we received during this interim, that we’ll at least have some pathway forward in the east chamber this year?” Eplee said. “Because that was a little bit of a disappointment, because we worked pretty hard in the House on trying to get this bill to you.”

In response, Olson is confident this new year will be different from past years because he feels that the new version of legislation is much better prepared.

“I think it’s going to be a great product,” Olson said. “I think it’s going to be much better than it was before. . . . We’re going to have almost every hole plugged.”

Flower Below $100 an Oz

The average sale price per ounce of flower at your local Michigan pot shop hit another all-time low at $95.12 last November, according to data from the CRA. In November 2020, the average price for pot was $376 an ounce.


The state predicts $2.3 billion in projected sales and $379 million in projected taxes. Recreational sales are still rising, with a lower price tag but in higher volumes. Medical sales are way down. According to those numbers, 16.47% of all weed sales in Michigan are paid back to the state of Michigan by means of sales and excise taxes. Not a bad take by the government for our right to toke.

Marijuana Bills Pass in Lame Duck

The Michigan Cannabis Regulatory Agency (CRA) will no longer require a background check for spouses of applicants for commercial marijuana licenses. According to the HB 5839 analysis, it will “allow an applicant for licensure under the Act who had a spouse to submit an attestation specifying that the applicant’s spouse would not control, direct, or make decisions concerning the marijuana facility and that the applicant’s spouse did not have a conflict of interest as prescribed by the bill.” In the past, if your spouse had a criminal background or was employed by the state police or other government agencies, the application would be rejected. This bill was supported by the MiCIA and the Cannabis Attorneys of Michigan.

HB 5965 was non-substantial language change bill that modifies the definition of “Grower” to mean a “licensed Grower.”

HB 5871 allows provisioning centers to sell back part or all of their inventory to other dispensaries, growe
rs or processors.

WILL BANNING REMEDIATED WEED SAVE THE LEGAL MARKET IN MICHIGAN?

In 1943, psychologist Abraham Maslow published a groundbreaking paper called “A Theory of Human Motivation.” Maslow’s theory is still accepted today. Specifically, Maslow says humans are motivated in a “hierarchical” order of needs. The most basic need is survival in the forms of food and shelter. Next comes safety, followed by belonging, esteem and finally self-actualization.

For simple cannabis consumers in Michigan, all of our needs have been met. With record low prices and easy access to the product, self-actualization has been attained. For those who want more money or ideological control of the issue, the struggle continues.

The ever-expanding battle line between those who want more is now centering on the question of how to provide completely pure, clean, unadulterated weed. In theory, this weed would be fully safe for human consumption.

On the surface, this concept seems to be caring and noble. Who could possibly be against something like that?

In its crusade to attain market control and wipe out its competition, the Michigan Cannabis Manufacturers Association (MCMA), which represents a few giant cannabis corporations, has been proclaiming that all herb is fundamentally unsafe unless it is tested. The logical conclusion of this thinking is caregivers and home growers must be either brought into the regulated system or crushed by law enforcement.

On the other hand, those who hate these big corporations are using the safety issue to kneecap their rivals and cut into their profit margins. They want any cannabis that fails testing for mold, spores, heavy metals, microorganisms or any other suspected toxins to be destroyed—at least for the purpose of smoking anyway.

Under the current regulatory scheme, impure cannabis can be remediated by methods like radiation, ozonization, and distillation chromatography. Just like what is done with lots of food found in local supermarkets.

Anti-remediation activists say any attempt to remediate bad flower is ineffective. Eliminating all mold, microorganisms and toxins is impossible, goes the narrative. Unlike remediated fruits and vegetables, which are eaten, the smoked flower goes directly into the lungs, which are especially sensitive to damage. It is believed the bulk of remediated cannabis (roughly 60%) is produced by giant farms run by MCMA members. Quality control is said to be poor and toxic microbes can spread like wildfire. As a result, banning remediation for smoked flower would hit the big producers in the pocketbook. It would also reduce the glut of flower flooding the market and depressing prices. It is believed that small growers are more honest and careful with their product and so they would be better able to compete against big, uncaring, greedy corporate farms.

From a historical perspective, the logic used by both sides in this safety brouhaha is seriously flawed.

From the 1930s until 2008, when medical marijuana was legalized in Michigan, marijuana was totally illegal. There was no regulation, no testing and no oversight. Cops and prosecutors were not interested in such things. Their job was to harass marijuana users and eradicate the devil weed.

From 2008 until 2016, testing of legal medical marijuana produced by caregivers did not exist. It was only when dispensaries were authorized by the legislature in 2016 that some mandatory product testing emerged into law. This was done to pacify GOP elected officials and critics in law enforcement. These critics claimed that marijuana must be proven safe from LSD, fentanyl, cocaine, heroin and pesticides. That was the initial logic for testing dispensary products.

In reality, for centuries, millions of people used untested weed with no documented harm. This stands in sharp contrast to things like hard narcotics or even alcoholic beverages.

In FOIA documents obtained by MM Report, it was revealed that in February 2021, in its efforts to regulate the production of Delta-8 THC (a derivative of legal hemp, which can get a user “high”), the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services conducted a nationwide search to find persons harmed by Delta-8. The search turned up nothing. Nonetheless, Delta-8 was regulated into law by the legislature anyway.

In December 2021, a major cannabis testing scandal blew its top. Viridis Labs, the biggest testing company in Michigan, was accused of a massive product testing failure. Thousands of pounds of cannabis were pulled from the market by what is now known as the Michigan

Cannabis Regulatory Agency (CRA). Damages are said to be in the millions of dollars. The matter is now in federal court. Viridis claims to be not guilty and blames the CRA for malfeasance in conducting the recall. Should Viridis prevail, it will be very costly to the state of Michigan.

In justifying the Viridis recall, the CRA claimed a number of persons got sick and a few were said to have been hospitalized due to Viridis testing failures. However, no names emerged and none were shared by the CRA. No litigation for damages emanated from the alleged victims. Viridis believes the illnesses (if they ever really existed) were a form of mass hysteria, triggered by the CRA ,to justify its bad judgment in doing the recall. The CRA had no comment, citing pending litigation.

From a big picture perspective, fear of toxins, mold, viruses, germs, parasites, vermin, spores, fungus, chemical additives, rodent droppings and the like runs deep in the American psyche. This fear has metastasized itself even deeper into the culture in the wake of COVID-19. As we observed during the COVID-19 panic, this fear can be exploited by those with an agenda other than mere consumer safety.

As a result, it is almost certain flower remediation will be on many Lansing radar screens in the year ahead.

Hopefully, any government action will be based upon common sense, history and hard facts.